Motorhome towing is an essential skill for RVers looking to expand their travel options. Many RV enthusiasts choose to tow a vehicle behind their motorhome for added convenience during their adventures. Understanding your motorhome’s towing capacity and the proper techniques for safely towing a vehicle is crucial for a successful camping experience.

Towing capacity varies widely among different motorhome models and depends on factors such as the vehicle’s Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) and engine specifications. RVers must carefully consider these factors when selecting a tow vehicle to ensure they remain within safe and legal limits. Camping World and other RV resources offer towing guides and calculators to help determine the appropriate towing setup for specific motorhome models.

Proper equipment is key to safe motorhome towing. This includes selecting the right tow bar, base plate, and brake system for the towed vehicle. RVers should also familiarize themselves with local towing regulations and practice proper driving techniques when towing. With the right knowledge and preparation, motorhome owners can confidently tow their vehicles to campsites and explore new destinations with ease.

Understanding Motorhome Towing Capacities

Motorhome towing capacities are crucial for safe and legal travel. Proper understanding prevents overloading and ensures a smooth journey.

Towing Capacity and Trailer Weight

Towing capacity refers to the maximum weight a motorhome can safely pull. This includes the trailer and its contents. Manufacturers determine this based on the vehicle’s engine power, frame strength, and braking system.

Trailer weight comprises the dry weight plus cargo. The dry weight is the trailer’s weight when empty. Cargo includes personal items, water, and supplies.

To calculate the total towing weight:

1. Dry weight of trailer
2. Weight of cargo
3. Weight of fluids (water, propane)

The sum must not exceed the motorhome’s towing capacity. Exceeding this limit can lead to accidents, vehicle damage, and legal issues.

Vehicle Weight Considerations

Vehicle weight is a critical factor in determining towing capacity. Key components include:

• Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR): Maximum weight of the fully loaded motorhome
• Gross Combined Weight Rating (GCWR): Maximum weight of motorhome and trailer combined

Payload capacity is the difference between GVWR and the vehicle’s base weight. This determines how much weight can be added as passengers, cargo, and accessories.

Motorhome owners must consider these factors:

• Weight distribution
• Tire pressure and condition
• Suspension system capabilities

Proper weight management ensures safe towing, improved fuel efficiency, and reduced wear on the motorhome’s components.

Types of Towing Methods

RV owners have several options for towing a vehicle behind their motorhome. Each method has unique advantages and considerations for safety and convenience.

Flat Towing

Flat towing, also known as four-down or dinghy towing, involves towing a vehicle with all four wheels on the ground. This method requires a tow bar to connect the towed vehicle to the RV.

Not all vehicles are suitable for flat towing. Those that are typically have manual transmissions or special adaptations for automatic transmissions.

Flat towing is popular due to its simplicity and ease of setup. It allows quick disconnection at destinations for local transportation. However, it may cause additional wear on the towed vehicle’s components.

Tow Dolly Method

A tow dolly is a two-wheeled trailer that lifts the front wheels of the towed vehicle off the ground. The rear wheels remain on the road surface.

This method is suitable for front-wheel drive vehicles that cannot be flat towed. Tow dollies are more versatile than flat towing as they can accommodate a wider range of vehicles.

Using a tow dolly adds weight to the overall setup, typically between 500 to 1,500 pounds. This extra weight can impact fuel efficiency and maneuverability. Proper loading and weight distribution are crucial for safe towing.

Trailer Towing

Trailer towing involves using a full trailer to transport the vehicle. This method keeps all four wheels of the towed vehicle off the ground.

It’s the most versatile option, allowing virtually any vehicle to be towed. Trailer towing provides the best protection for the towed vehicle, as it experiences minimal wear during transport.

This method requires the most equipment and setup time. It also adds significant weight to the RV, affecting fuel consumption and handling. Proper loading and securing of the vehicle on the trailer are essential for safe travel.

Choosing the Right Tow Vehicle

Selecting an appropriate tow vehicle is crucial for safe and efficient RV towing. The right choice depends on factors like towing capacity, vehicle type, and trailer weight.

Assessing Tow Vehicles

Towing capacity is the primary factor in selecting a tow vehicle. Check the vehicle’s tow rating, which should exceed the trailer’s Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) by at least 25%.

For example, a trailer with an 8,500-pound GVWR requires a tow vehicle with a minimum 10,625-pound capacity. This buffer ensures the vehicle isn’t constantly working at maximum capacity.

Consider optional towing packages offered by manufacturers. These often include enhanced cooling systems, stronger suspensions, and upgraded brakes.

SUVs, Vans, and Trucks

SUVs, vans, and trucks are popular choices for towing RVs. Full-size trucks generally offer the highest towing capacities, making them suitable for larger trailers.

Many SUVs provide a balance of towing capability and passenger comfort. Larger models can tow mid-size trailers effectively.

Vans, particularly heavy-duty versions, offer towing power with the added benefit of interior space for gear and supplies.

When choosing between vehicle types, consider:

• Towing capacity
• Fuel efficiency
• Passenger space
• Storage needs
• Intended use when not towing

Always verify specific towing capacities for individual models, as they can vary significantly within vehicle classes.

Tow Bars and Towing Systems

Tow bars and towing systems are essential components for safely connecting a vehicle to a motorhome. These devices allow for flat towing, where all four wheels of the towed vehicle remain on the ground.

Types of Tow Bars

Fixed tow bars attach permanently to the motorhome’s hitch receiver. They offer stability but can be cumbersome to store. Folding tow bars are more popular, as they can be easily stowed when not in use.

Self-aligning tow bars feature adjustable arms that lock into place, simplifying the connection process. These are ideal for uneven terrain.

A-frame tow bars provide a triangular connection point, distributing weight evenly. They’re sturdy but may require more effort to attach.

Some tow bars come with integrated braking systems, enhancing safety during sudden stops.

Towing System Accessories

Safety cables are crucial backup measures, connecting the towed vehicle to the motorhome in case the primary connection fails.

Auxiliary braking systems improve stopping power and are often required by law for heavier towed vehicles.

Base plates are vehicle-specific attachments that provide secure connection points for the tow bar.

Wiring kits ensure proper function of the towed vehicle’s lights while being towed.

Hitch receivers come in various sizes, with Class III and IV being common for motorhome towing.

Supplemental braking systems and breakaway kits add extra layers of safety, automatically activating the towed vehicle’s brakes if it separates from the motorhome.

Safety and Legal Requirements

Ensuring safe and legal motorhome towing requires attention to regulations, proper equipment, and safety systems. Adhering to these guidelines protects you and others on the road.

Towing Laws and Regulations

Towing laws vary by state and locality. Many areas restrict towing speeds, typically limiting RVs to 55-65 mph on highways. Some states require additional mirrors for improved visibility. Weight restrictions are common, with most states capping combined vehicle weight at 80,000 pounds.

Trailer brakes are mandatory in most jurisdictions for trailers over 3,000 pounds. Some areas mandate regular safety inspections for towed vehicles and trailers. It’s crucial to research specific regulations for each state you’ll travel through.

Proper licensing is essential. Depending on your RV’s size and weight, you may need a special driver’s license endorsement. Check your state’s requirements before hitting the road.

Safety Chains and Cables

Safety chains or cables serve as a critical backup if the primary hitch fails. They prevent complete separation between the tow vehicle and trailer. Always use two chains, crossing them under the hitch for added security.

Choose chains rated for your trailer’s gross weight. They should have enough slack for turns but not drag on the ground. S-hooks or quick-connect links secure chains to the tow vehicle’s frame or hitch.

Inspect chains before each trip for wear, rust, or damage. Replace them if you notice any issues. Proper chain use is not just safe practice—it’s often legally required.

Breakaway Systems

Breakaway systems are essential safety devices for trailers. They activate trailer brakes if it becomes detached from the tow vehicle. This prevents runaway trailers and potential accidents.

The system consists of a cable attached to the tow vehicle and a switch on the trailer. If separation occurs, the cable pulls a pin, engaging the trailer brakes. Most states require breakaway systems for trailers over 3,000 pounds.

Test the system regularly to ensure proper function. Replace the battery annually or as recommended by the manufacturer. Proper maintenance of the breakaway system is crucial for safe towing and compliance with regulations.

Towing Mechanics and Dynamics

Proper understanding of towing mechanics and dynamics is crucial for safe and efficient motorhome travel. Two key aspects require special attention: tongue weight and trailer sway.

Understanding Tongue Weight

Tongue weight refers to the downward force exerted by the trailer on the hitch of the towing vehicle. Proper tongue weight is typically 10-15% of the total trailer weight for conventional trailers. For fifth-wheel trailers, the ideal king pin weight is 15-25% of the loaded trailer weight.

Too little tongue weight can cause trailer sway and poor steering control. Excessive tongue weight may overload the rear axle of the towing vehicle, leading to reduced steering and braking performance.

To measure tongue weight, use a specialized scale or the bathroom scale method. Adjust load distribution within the trailer to achieve the correct tongue weight percentage.

Dealing with Trailer Sway

Trailer sway is a side-to-side motion that can be dangerous if left unchecked. Common causes include:

• Improper weight distribution
• Excessive speed
• Strong crosswinds
• Passing large vehicles

To prevent sway:

1. Ensure proper tongue weight
2. Use a weight distribution hitch
3. Install sway control devices
4. Drive at moderate speeds

If sway occurs, avoid braking. Instead, maintain a steady speed or gently accelerate while steering straight. Use the trailer brakes independently if equipped. In severe cases, gradually slow down and pull over to reassess load distribution.

Regular maintenance of suspension components and tire pressure checks contribute to stable towing dynamics.

Tow Vehicle and Trailer Maintenance

Proper maintenance of both the tow vehicle and trailer is crucial for safe and efficient motor home towing. Regular upkeep prevents breakdowns and ensures optimal performance on the road.

Vehicle Maintenance for Towing

Tow vehicles require more frequent maintenance due to increased stress from hauling heavy loads. Check the engine oil and transmission fluid levels before each trip. Replace these fluids more often when towing regularly.

Inspect the brakes, including pads and rotors, for wear. Towing puts extra strain on the braking system. Upgrade to heavy-duty brake pads if necessary.

Examine tires for proper inflation and tread depth. Rotate tires more frequently when towing to ensure even wear. Consider upgrading to load-range E tires for improved stability and durability.

For vehicles with manual transmissions, check the clutch regularly. Towing can cause accelerated clutch wear. Electronic transmissions may need more frequent servicing of sensors and control modules.

Trailer Maintenance

Inspect trailer tires before each trip. Check pressure, tread depth, and signs of uneven wear. Rotate trailer tires annually or every 6,000 miles.

Examine wheel bearings and repack with grease as needed. This is typically required every 12,000 miles or annually, whichever comes first.

Test all lights and electrical connections before each journey. Replace any burnt-out bulbs promptly. Clean electrical contacts to ensure reliable operation.

Lubricate moving parts such as the hitch, jacks, and slide-outs regularly. This prevents rust and ensures smooth operation.

Check the trailer’s braking system, including brake pads, rotors, and actuators. Adjust or replace components as needed for optimal stopping power.

Motorhome Towing Guides by Manufacturer

Major RV manufacturers provide detailed towing guides to help owners safely tow vehicles behind their motorhomes. These guides offer crucial information on weight limits, proper equipment, and recommended procedures.

Ford produces comprehensive RV and trailer towing guides that cover their motorhome chassis options. The guides include specifications for Class A and Class C motorhome chassis, as well as commercial stripped chassis.

Other manufacturers like Winnebago, Thor, and Newmar offer model-specific towing guides. These detail the towing capacities and requirements for each of their motorhome models.

Towing guides typically include:

• Maximum towing capacities
• Recommended tow bars and hitches
• Proper weight distribution techniques
• Brake controller requirements
• Transmission and drivetrain considerations

It’s essential to consult the specific guide for your motorhome’s make and model. Towing capacities and requirements can vary significantly between manufacturers and even between different models from the same brand.

When selecting a tow car, these guides help determine if a particular vehicle is suitable for flat towing (four wheels down) or if it requires a tow dolly. They also outline any necessary modifications or additional equipment needed for safe towing.